Thinking Outside the Box: Considering Transparency, Anonymity, and Pseudonymity as Overall Solutions to the Problems of Information Privacy in the Internet Society
نویسنده
چکیده
Preamble . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1302 R I. Transparency . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1305 R I.1. What Is Transparency? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1305 R Required Opacity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1311 R The Information “Hubs” – Location, Interaction, and Transaction . 1313 R I.2. Transparency and the Practical Harms to Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1315 R (a) Fear of Abuse and Criminal Misuse . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1316 R (b) Fear of Errors in Databases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1319 R (c) Price Discrimination . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1320 R (d) Manipulation and the “Autonomy Trap” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1325 R I.3. Transparency as “Leveling the Playing Field”? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1331 R Leveling vs. Mining . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1332 R II. Anonymity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334 R II.1. What Is Anonymity? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1334 R II.2. The Troubles of the Anonymous Society . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1337 R Anonymity’s Enemies . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1339 R III. Pseudonymity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1340 R III.1. What is Pseudonymity? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1340 R Traceable vs. Untraceable Pseudonymity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1341 R Traceable Pseudonymity: How Can It Be Done? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1342 R Pseudonymity and Identity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1344 R III.2. Pseudonymity, the Data Flow, and the Detriments of Surveillance . . . . . . 1345 R III.3. Pseudonymity and the Troubles of Anonymity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1349 R III.4. The Troubles of Pseudonymity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1350 R (a) Keeping Up the Walls . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1350 R (b) “Virtual Babies and Virtual Bathwater” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1353 R Conclusion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1354 R
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